10 World’s Largest Producers of Artichokes- According to the FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT), in 2023, there were 10 world’s largest producers of artichokes in 2021. Artichokes (Cynara cardunculus) are one of the most popular vegetable crops. Commonly, this vegetable crop has many functions in people’s lives. It can be cooked with other ingredients to make food. Besides, it has many nutritious contents, which are good for our health. According to Food Data Central, USDA, in 100 grams of artichokes, it contains energy, protein, fiber, sodium, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, vitamin K (phylloquinone), folate, and vitamin C. The specific content of its elements can be viewed in the picture below.
In biological aspects, taxonomically, this plant can be classified into the following kingdoms: Plantae, Phylum: Tracheophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Asterales, Family: Asteraceae, Genus: Cyanara, Species: Cynara cardunculus Due to its classification into the Asteraceae family, it has a close relationship with some crops, including Chrysanthemum, Pulicaria, Tagetes, Tanacetum, and other plants.
The World’s Harvested Areas and World’s Production of Artichokes From 1970 to 2021
| Years | World’s Harvested Areas of Artichokes | World’s Production of Artichokes |
|---|---|---|
| (Ha) | (Tons) | |
| 1970 | 131,949 | 1,276,057 |
| 1971 | 134,532 | 1,368,640 |
| 1972 | 130,384 | 1,403,474 |
| 1973 | 133,327 | 1,368,111 |
| 1974 | 130,949 | 1,397,116 |
| 1975 | 118,563 | 1,280,066 |
| 1976 | 120,384 | 1,245,582 |
| 1977 | 117,936 | 1,155,025 |
| 1978 | 122,013 | 1,335,607 |
| 1979 | 120,446 | 1,090,391 |
| 1980 | 116,596 | 1,254,405 |
| 1981 | 119,678 | 1,164,973 |
| 1982 | 113,970 | 1,184,349 |
| 1983 | 111,975 | 1,119,356 |
| 1984 | 115,511 | 1,142,460 |
| 1985 | 111,310 | 1,016,894 |
| 1986 | 111,712 | 1,189,494 |
| 1987 | 111,193 | 1,130,040 |
| 1988 | 113,077 | 1,268,859 |
| 1989 | 117,552 | 1,348,239 |
| 1990 | 117,830 | 1,333,471 |
| 1991 | 111,855 | 1,328,720 |
| 1992 | 112,410 | 1,249,380 |
| 1993 | 111,897 | 1,170,459 |
| 1994 | 114,438 | 1,207,993 |
| 1995 | 113,442 | 1,161,779 |
| 1996 | 113,462 | 1,136,215 |
| 1997 | 114,410 | 1,254,855 |
| 1998 | 120,702 | 1,247,458 |
| 1999 | 119,783 | 1,238,239 |
| 2000 | 122,102 | 1,322,123 |
| 2001 | 118,345 | 1,247,890 |
| 2002 | 121,130 | 1,264,269 |
| 2003 | 122,182 | 1,261,553 |
| 2004 | 121,117 | 1,348,059 |
| 2005 | 124,766 | 1,258,848 |
| 2006 | 129,191 | 1,394,853 |
| 2007 | 132,016 | 1,466,484 |
| 2008 | 128,740 | 1,462,275 |
| 2009 | 128,521 | 1,481,363 |
| 2010 | 125,709 | 1,433,378 |
| 2011 | 127,641 | 1,476,939 |
| 2012 | 123,207 | 1,556,551 |
| 2013 | 127,020 | 1,549,828 |
| 2014 | 126,252 | 1,512,560 |
| 2015 | 114,845 | 1,388,584 |
| 2016 | 120,231 | 1,343,108 |
| 2017 | 126,648 | 1,587,931 |
| 2018 | 122,388 | 1,556,662 |
| 2019 | 119,135 | 1,503,260 |
| 2020 | 114,141 | 1,438,701 |
| 2021 | 116,350 | 1,470,332 |
| Source : FAOSTAT, 2023 | ||
Statistically, the world’s production and harvested areas of artichokes are stable from time to time. In the year 1970, the world’s harvested areas of artichokes were around 131,949 hectares (ha), and the world’s production of artichokes reached 1,276,057 tons. Meanwhile, in 2021, the world’s harvested areas were around 116,350 hectares, with the world’s production being about 1,470,332 tons.
The World’s Production of Artichokes Based on Continent in 2021
| Continent | Production of Artichokes in 2021 |
|---|---|
| (Tons) | |
| Africa | 505,214 |
| Americas | 187,888 |
| Asia | 149,967 |
| Europe | 627,263 |
| Source : FAOSTAT, 2023 | |
Statistically, the world’s production and harvested areas of artichokes are stable from time to time. In the year 1970, the world’s harvested areas of artichokes were around 131,949 hectares (ha), and the world’s production of artichokes reached 1,276,057 tons. Meanwhile, in 2021, the world’s harvested areas were around 116,350 hectares, with the world’s production being about 1,470,332 tons.
Based on the continental regions, the production of artichokes spreads across several regions. Specifically, the main region of artichoke production is in Europe, with an output of around 627 thousand tons. Africa is in second place with the production of artichokes, at around 505 thousand tons. Furthermore, the Americas and Asia produce in small portions, with outputs of around 187 thousand tons and 149 thousand tons, respectively.
In the country’s area, there will be 10 of the world’s largest producers of artichokes in 2021. These data were obtained from the FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT) in 2023. Here is the ranking of the 10 world’s largest producers of artichokes in 2021.
The Rank of 10 World’s Largest Producers of Artichokes in 2021
| Rank | Country | Production of Artichokes in 2021 |
|---|---|---|
| (Tons) | ||
| 1 | Italy | 376,280 |
| 2 | Egypt | 315,408 |
| 3 | Spain | 214,560 |
| 4 | Algeria | 120,932 |
| 5 | Peru | 99,518 |
| 6 | China, mainland | 80,654 |
| 7 | Morocco | 40,543 |
| 8 | Türkiye | 40,114 |
| 9 | United States of America | 37,784 |
| 10 | Argentina | 35,575 |
| Source : FAOSTAT, 2023 | ||
Brief Description of 10 World’s Largest Producers of Artichokes
1.Italy
Italy still became the world’s biggest producer of Artichokes in 2021. According to FAOSTAT in 2023, the production of Artichokes from Italy in 2021 reached 376,280 tons. Geographically, In Italy, artichokes are cultivated mostly in the central and southern Regions. It can be found mostly in Sicily, Apulia, and Sardinia. Genetically, there are some popular cultivars/ varieties of artichokes from Italy. These are Carciofo spinoso di Sardegna, Cariofo romanesco, Carciofo tondo di Pestum, Carciofo brindisino, Verde di Palermo, and Violetto catanese (Mbohwa et al., 2014).
2.Egypt
Egypt is the world’s second biggest producer of Artichokes in 2021. Statistically, the production of artichokes from Egypt reached 315,408 tons. Geographically, in this country, Al–Bohaira governorate is become one of the main area the production of artichoke (Nassif et al, 2014). One of the artichokes cultivars from Egypt is El-Balady (Hayam et al., 2018) and Banasfigi, Baladi and Violet de Provence.
3.Spain
Spain still became one of the biggest producers of artichokes in 2021. According to FAOSTAT, the production of Artichokes from Spain reached 214,560 tons. Geographically, in this country, Murcia still become the main cultivating province of artichokes and the main production area in the province of Murcia is the Guadalentín Valley (Arcas & Fernandez, 2007). Genetically, in Spain, there are some cultivars of Artichokes. Some of the artichokes from Spain are ‘Blanca de Tudela’ clones ‘INIA B’, ‘Clon 303’, ‘Cabeza de Gato’, ‘Moretto’ and ‘Macau’ (Fernandez et al, 2009).
4.Algeria
Algeria also one of the largest producers of Artichokes in 2021. Statistically, in 2021, the production of Artichokes from Algeria reached 120,932 tons. Geographically, in Algeria, the production area of Artichokes can be found in coastal zone and in the inland area of Algeri. Genetically, some of the artichokes cultivars from Algeria are ‘Violet d’ Hyères’, ’Violet d’Algerie’ and ‘Blanc Orananais’ (Bianco, 2000).
5.Peru
Peru is the fifth largest producer of artichokes in 2021. According to FAO Statistical Corporate Database in 2021, the production of Artichokes from Peru reached 99,518 tons. In Peru, the main area of artichokes spread across in coastal and mountain. Specifically, it can be found in Departments of Junín, Departments of Ica, La Libertad, Ancash, Lima, Cajamarca, Arequipa, and Tacna (Macua, 2007).
6.China, mainland
China also became one of the world’s largest producers of Artichokes in 2021. According to FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT), the production of China’s Artichokes reached 80,654 tons in 2021. Geographically, in China, the main artichoke producing zones can be found along the Yangtze basin (Macua, 2007).
7.Morocco
Morocco could produce 40,543 tons artichokes in 2021. In this country, the most important of arthichokes cultivation areas can be found along the coast between Rabat and Casablanca Genetically, some of the cultivars in Morocco are ‘Violet de Provence’, ‘ Canus de Bretagne’ (Bianco, 2005).
8.Türkiye
Türkiye produced 40,114 tons of artichokes in 2021. In this country, the artichokes can be found mostly in the Marmara region, Aegean Region, and Mediterranean regions. Some of the turkiye cultivars are Sakiz and Byrampasha (Bianco, 2005).
9.United States of America
United States of America also one of the largest producers of Artichokes in 2021. According to FAO Statistical Corporate Database (FAOSTAT), the prodcuction of Artihcokes from United States of America (USA) reached 37,784 tons. Geographically, in USA, Most of Artichokes comes from California with some of the cultivars are Omaha, Mercury, Siena, Baby Anzio, Chianti, Big Heart, Classic Green Globe, King, and others.
10.Argentina
Argentina also produced huge of artichokes in 2021. Statistically, the production of artichokes from Argentina reached 35,575 tons in 2021. In Argentina, Artichokes can be found in Buenos Aires Province, Rosario, Santa Fe Province, Mendoza, and San Juan Provinces. Some of the artichoke’s cultivars from Argentina are Francés, Ñato, Precoz Italiano, Blanco (Garcia et al., 2000)
The Summary of 10 World’s Biggest Artichokes Producers in 2021
Bibliography of 10 World’s Largest Producers of Artichokes
Food Data Central. 2023. Artichokes, (globe or french), raw (100 grams). Accessed via https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169205/nutrients on November 3rd, 2023.
FAOSTAT.2023. Artichokes. Accessed via https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL/visualize on November 3rd, 2023.
LO, G. A., Mbohwa, C., Clasadonte, M. T., & Ingrao, C. (2014). Life cycle assessment interpretation and improvement of the Sicilian artichokes production.
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Hayam, M. S., Fadel, A. M. A. K., & El Rouby, A. M. (2018). Effect of Propagation Methods and Sowing Dates on Aphid Infestation and Flower Heads Characters in Globe Artichoke Plants. Journal of Applied Plant Protection, 7(1), 11-18.
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Fernández, J. A., Migliaro, D., Esteban, A., Macua, J. I., Esteva, J., Niñirola, D., … & Egea-Gilabert, C. (2009). Agronomic behaviour of artichoke cultivars in SE Spain. In VII International Symposium on Artichoke, Cardoon and Their Wild Relatives 942 (pp. 239-246).
Bianco, V. V. (2000). Present situation and future potential of artichoke in the Mediterranean basin. In IV International Congress on Artichoke 681 (pp. 39-58).
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