10 World’s Biggest Countries of Marine Capture Production-Based on FAO Database-There are10 World’s Biggest Countries of Marine Capture Production in 2018. This data is obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) publication entitled “The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020”. These are the biggest producers of fish & other marine animal species (shrimp, clams, crabs, etc.). These marine products will be processed and consumed by various people in the world to help meet the nutritional needs of the human. In 2018, the total production of species catches from marine areas (marine capture) all over the world reached 84.41 million tons. Of the total production, the species most capture species were Peruvian Anchoveta, Alaska Pollock, Skipjack Tuna, Atlantic Herring, and Blue Whitting.
In general, these 10 World’s Biggest marine capture fisheries countries have abundant areas and marine resources so that they are able to catch large marine fishery products in terms of quantity. These are the rank of several countries in the world with the biggest production of marine fish and other species in the world.
Table Rank of 10 World’s Biggest Countries of Marine Capture Fisheries
| Rank | Countries | Marine Capture in 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| (MillionTons) | ||
| 1 | China | 12.68 |
| 2 | Peru | 7.15 |
| 3 | Indonesia | 6.71 |
| 4 | Russia | 4.84 |
| 5 | United States of America | 4.72 |
| 6 | India | 3.62 |
| 7 | Vietnam | 3.19 |
| 8 | Japan | 3.1 |
| 9 | Norway | 2.49 |
| 10 | Chili | 2.12 |
| Source : Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 2020 | ||
Description of 10 World’s Biggest Countries of Marine Capture Fisheries
1.China
China has still has become the World’s Biggest Country of Marine Capture Production with a contribution of 15 percent of the total world’s production. In 2018, total marine capture fisheries reached 12.68 million tons with production centers located in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East, and South China Seas. Types of marine animals caught from China include fish (69.7%), shrimp/crustaceans (17.8%), cephalopods (4.6%), and shellfish (5.2%). In its development, the consumption of Sea Food for the Chinese population has always increased and even exceeded the consumption of pork. In 2018, Chinese consumption of seafood reached 41 kilograms (90 pounds) per capita per year. This happens because of changes in lifestyle, especially diet, and an increase in income per capita of the Chinese people so that they are able to reach out to buy seafood products. Some of the most caught species of animal species are the big yellow croaker (Pseudosiaena crocea), yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis), Trichiurus haumela and Sepiella sp., mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus), Navodon modestus, and anchovy (Engraulis spp).
2. Peru
Peru has still has become the 2nd biggest producer of marine capture production in the world. In 2018, the production of captured marine species was 7.15 million tons or 8% of world production. Peru’s main fishing ports are located in Chimbote, Pisco, Supe, Callao, Ilo, Santa Rosa, San José and Parachique. These ports become the main transit for Peruvian marine fishery products before being distributed to other Peruvian regions or exported to various countries. When viewed from the type, there are several marine capture species that are mostly produced from the marine of this country. The most widely produced fish species include anchovies (Engraulis ringens), sardines (Sardinops sagax), blue mackerel (Trachurus picturatus), Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus), Merluccius gayi (Merluccius gayi peruanus), Sciaena spp. and paralabrax fish (Paralabrax spp). Of the mollusk species, the species include striped clams (Aulacomya ater), chocolate rock shell (Thais chocolata), bi-valve clams (Semele solida), Peruvian clams (Argopecten purpuratus), chile alon clams (Concholepas concholepas), macha clams (Argopecten purpuratus), Mesodesma donacium, and squid (Loligo gahi). Peruvian Anchovy is one of the most produced of fish species from Peru. This species is widely used as feed for ruminants, poultry, and aquaculture species.
3. Indonesia
Indonesia is the 3rd Biggest country in the production of captured marine animal species. In 2018, its production reached 6.71 million tons or almost 8% of the total production of marine captured animals. In 2016, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from the fishery sector reached 317 trillion Rupiah. A fairly large number of course. Some of the most widely produced species from Indonesia are Tuna (Tunas), Skipjack Tuna (Skipjack Tuna), Eastern Little Tuna, and Shrimp based on fisheries statistics in 2018. The catch of tuna is 471 thousand tons, skipjack 464 thousand tons, Shrimp 400 thousand tons, and Tuna 293 thousand tons. In regulating a large marine area, Indonesian waters are divided into several areas. In Indonesia, there are 11 fishery areas spread across various territorial waters of the archipelago.
4. Russia
Russia is the 4th biggest country as the huge producer of marine catches in the world. In 2018, the marine cathed was 4.84 million tons, or 6% of total world production. The catchment water area in this country is centered on 12 rivers located in the region of 3 oceans, namely the Atlantic, Arctic, and Pacific Oceans.
1. the Atlantic Ocean consisting of the Azov Sea, Black Sea (Black Sea), Baltic, Barent, and White Sea
2. The Arctic Ocean consists of the Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea, and Chukchi Sea.
3. The Pacific Ocean consists of the Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk (Sea of Okhotsk), and the Sea of Japan (Sea of Japan).
Some of the most widely produced fish species in the country are Alaskan pollock, Herring, Blue whiting, Cod, and Pink salmon. Most of the products caught in the sea are processed into Frozen fish/frozen fish products and marketed to various regions in Russia and exported to various countries. The Moscow and St. Petersburg regions are the largest regions for the market for fishery products in Russia. Besides meeting the domestic consumption, Russia’s frozen fish exports to foreign countries, namely China, South Korea, and Japan.
5. The United States of America
The United States of America became the world’s 5th largest producer of captured of marine species. In 2018, the country’s production of USA reached 4.72 million tons or almost 6% of the world’s capture production. The location for its catch waters is in the Northeast U.S. region. Continental Shelf, Southeast U.S. Continental Shelf, Caribbean Sea (Caribbean Sea), Gulf of Mexico, California Current, Insular Pacific-Hawaiian, Gulf of Alaska, and East Bering Sea (Eastern Bering Sea). When viewed from the species of animals caught, the marine species most caught were Alaska Pollock Fish, Shrimp, Salmon, Crab, Lobster, Scallop, Tuna, and Cod. Most of the 64% of the total fish and marine species are processed in the form of Frozen (Frozen Fish) and the rest is processed in the form of cans by 9% and sold in the form of fresh products by 16%.
Bibliography of 10 World’s Biggest Countries of Marine Capture Fisheries
Shuoling Huang and Yuru He. 2019.Management of China’s capture fisheries: Review and prospect. Aquaculture and Fisheries Volume 4, Issue 5, September 2019, Pages 173-182
Food and Agriculture Organization. 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture (Sustainability in Action). Accessed via http://www.fao.org/3/ca9229en/online/ca9229en.html
Ministry of Fishery of Indonesia. Kelautan dan Perikanan Dalam Angka 2018. Accessed via http://sidatik.kkp.go.id/publikasi
Food and Agriculture Organization. 2007. National Fishery Sector Overview (The Russian Federation) Accessed via http://www.fao.org/fishery/docs/DOCUMENT/fcp/en/FI_CP_RU.pdf
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries. 2018. Value of Processed Fishery Products. Accessed via https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/fisheries-united-states-2018
